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Genome-wide characterization of long terminal repeat-retrotransposons in apple reveals the differences in heterogeneity and copy number between Ty1-copia and Ty3-gypsy retrotransposons

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Sun, Hai-Yue 1 ; Dai, Hong-Yan 1 ; Zhao, Gui-Ling 1 ; Ma, Yue 1 ; Ou, Chun-Qing 1 ; Li, He 1 ; Li, Lin-Guang 1 ; Zhang, Z 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Shenyang Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Shenyang 110161, Peoples R China

2.Shenyang Agr Univ, Coll Forestry, Shenyang 110161, Peoples R China

3.Shandong Inst Pomol, Tai An 271000, Shandong, Peoples R China

关键词： heterogeneity;Malus domestica;retrotransposon;reverse transcriptase;transcriptional activity

期刊名称：JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY （ 影响因子：7.061； 五年影响因子：6.002 ）

ISSN： 1672-9072

年卷期： 2008 年 50 卷 9 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The conserved domains of reverse transcriptase (RT) genes of Ty1-copia and Ty3-gypsy groups of long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons were isolated from the Malus domestica genome using degenerate oligonucleotide primers. Sequence analysis showed that 45% of Ty1-copia and 63% of Ty3-gypsy RT sequences contained premature stop codons and/or indels disrupting the reading frame. High heterogeneity among RT sequences of both Ty1-copia and Ty3-gypsy group retrotransposons was observed, but Ty3-gypsy group retrotransposons in the apple genome are less heterogeneous than Ty1-copia elements. Retrotransposon copy number was estimated by dot blot hybridizations for Ty1-copia (similar to 5 000) and Ty3-gypsy (similar to 26 000). All elements of the two types of LTR retrotransposons comprise approximately 38% of the M. domestica genome, with the Ty3-gypsy group contribution being higher (33.5%) than the Ty1-copia one (4.6%). Transcription was not detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for either Ty1-copia or Ty3-gypsy retrotransposons in the leaves of plants in vitro or in leaf explants cultured on medium supplemented with high concentration benzylaminopurine. This research reveals the differences in heterogeneity and copy number between Ty1-copia and Ty3-gypsy retrotransposons in the apple genome. Ty1-copia retrotransposon has higher heterogeneity than Ty3-gypsy retrotransposon, but the latter has a higher copy number, which implies that Ty3-gypsy retrotransposons may play a more important role in the apple genome evolution.

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