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Improving Yield and Quality of Jujube by Dynamic Application of Nitrogen

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Wang, Zhongtang 1 ; Zhang, Kun 2 ; Wang, Shizhen 3 ; Qi, Xuelong 1 ; Pei, Guangying 4 ; Gong, Xiaodi 5 ; Zhang, Qiong 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Shandong Inst Pomol, Tai An 271000, Shandong, Peoples R China

2.Shandong First Med Univ, Tai An 271000, Shandong, Peoples R China

3.Wudi Cty Forestry Protect & Dev Serv Ctr, Binzhou 251900, Peoples R China

4.Feixian Fruit & Tea Serv Ctr, Linyi 273414, Shandong, Peoples R China

5.Taian Forestry Protect & Dev Ctr, Tai An 271000, Shandong, Peoples R China

关键词： Chinese jujube; Different growth periods; Dry matter accumulation; N accumulation; N-15 utilization rate; N fertilizer maximum efficiency period

期刊名称：JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION （ 影响因子：4.64； 五年影响因子：4.469 ）

ISSN： 0721-7595

年卷期：

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： In order to clarify both the nitrogen (N) accumulation dynamics of jujube trees and the period during which to apply N fertilizer for maximum efficiency, and to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific application of N fertilizer. Taking 5-year-old Jinsi 4 jujube as a test material, by the N-15 isotope tracer technique, we evaluated the dynamics of plant growth and N accumulation by destructive analysis during six periods from the budbreak stage to the fruit maturity stage. The results showed that the net accumulation of dry matter was 2033.6 g plant(-1) in the budbreak stage (March 25th) to the fruit maturity stage (210 days after budbreak), with the fruit accounting for 21.3%, the leaves accounting for 16.3%, the deciduous spurs accounting for 2.4%, and the perennial organs accounting for 60.0%. The dry matter accumulation of new organs (fruit, leaves, deciduous spurs) and of the whole plants increased significantly from 60 to 120 days after budbreak, accounting for 78.5% and 46.8%, respectively, of the annual net accumulation. The whole-plant net accumulation of N was 20.08 g; the net N accumulation of perennial organs decreased from 0 to 30 days after budbreak and then increased as a whole. However, the net accumulation of N in new organs and whole plants increased rapidly from 60 to 120 days after budbreak, accounting for 60.9% and 63.0%, respectively, of the net accumulation during the whole year, indicating that the N accumulation of the plants was synchronized with the dry matter accumulation. The N-15 utilization rates of trees during different periods were significantly different; they were high from 60 to 90, 90 to 120, and 120 to 150 days after budbreak and were 5.8%, 6.7%, and 5.1%, respectively. In addition, the N-15 utilization rate at 150-180 days after budbreak was still higher than that at 0-30 days after budbreak, indicating that the root system still had a strong nutrient absorption capacity at the fruit maturity stage. The increase in the N-15 distribution in new organs accounted for 61.1% of the annual increase from 60 to 150 days budbreak. Through the verification of optimized fertilization of N fertilizer throughout the whole 2nd year, when the N supply is synchronized with the tree demand, the yield and quality can be improved. In conclusion, 60-120 days after budbreak is the critical period for dry matter and N accumulation of Jinsi 4 jujube, and sufficient N supplies should be emphasized at this stage.

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