Evaluation of the Pollination Efficiency of Apple Trees by Osmia excavata Alfken (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)
文献类型： 外文期刊
作者： Lyu, Zhaoyun 1 ; Feng, Min 3 ; Nie, Lei 1 ; Zhou, Ting 3 ; Yu, Kai 4 ; Li, Lili 3 ; Men, Xingyuan 3 ; Sun, Meng 1 ; Yu, Yi 3 ;
作者机构： 1.Shandong Inst Sericulture, Yantai Key Lab Evaluat & Utilizat Silkworm Funct S, Yantai, Shandong, Peoples R China
2.Shandong Inst Sericulture, Yantai Engn Res Ctr Plant Stem Cell Targeted Breed, Yantai, Shandong, Peoples R China
3.Shandong Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China
4.Yantai Agr Technol Extens Ctr, Yantai, Shangdong, Peoples R China
关键词： Osmia excavata; Pollination; Fruiting rate; Fruit quality; Pollination efficiency
期刊名称：NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY （ 影响因子：1.8； 五年影响因子：1.5 ）
ISSN： 1519-566X
年卷期： 2024 年 53 卷 3 期
页码：
收录情况： SCI
摘要： The mason bee Osmia excavata Alfken is an apple pollinating insect widely distributed in northern China, in order to effectively utilize the mason bee and improve the pollination rate of apples, there is a need to evaluate the pollination efficiency of the bees. This study evaluated the pollination efficiency of the mason bee on apple orchards in Jinan and Yantai, Shandong Province, China. The study compared natural pollination areas and pollination areas with different release densities of O. excavata in terms of the effects of bee density, timing of pollination, and distance effects on fruit set rate, fruit shape index, fruit shape skewness, fruit soluble solids content, and fruit firmness. The optimal release density of bees was 6000 cocoons per hectare, resulting in the highest fruit setting rate of apple lateral flowers. From 07:00 to 14:00 was the best time for bee pollination. The optimal distance of hives from apple trees for pollination by O. excavata was 60 m. Single fruit weight was significantly higher and fruit unsymmetrical rate, partial slope and hardness were all significantly lower at the release densities of 6000 or 12000 cocoons per hectare compared with 3000 cocoons per hectare or under natural pollination conditions. There was no significant difference in the content of soluble solids under different release densities. Thus, the radius of 60 m from the hive was the effective pollination range and 6000 cocoons per hectare of mason bees could ensure the fruit quality of apple.
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