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Dissection of the spatial dynamics of biosynthesis, transport, and turnover of major amino acids in tea plants (Camellia sinensis)

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Yu, Shuwei 1 ; Zhu, Mingzhi 1 ; Li, Ping 3 ; Zuo, Hao 1 ; Li, Juan 6 ; Li, Yingying 5 ; Peng, Anqi 1 ; Huang, Jianan 1 ; Fernie, Alisdair R. 7 ; Liu, Zhonghua 1 ; Zhao, Jian 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Minist Educ, Key Lab Tea Sci, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China

2.Shandong Acad Agr Sci, Tea Res Inst, Jinan 250000, Peoples R China

3.Hunan Agr Univ, Natl Res Ctr Engn & Technol Utilizat Bot Funct Ing, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China

4.Hunan Agr Univ, Educ Minist Utilizat Bot Funct Ingredients, Coinnovat Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China

5.Anhui Agr Univ, State Key Lab Tea Plant Biol & Utilizat, Hefei 230036, Peoples R China

6.Anhui Agr Univ, Biotechnol Ctr, Hefei 230036, Peoples R China

7.Max Planck Inst Mol Plant Physiol, Muhlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany

期刊名称：HORTICULTURE RESEARCH （ 影响因子：8.7； 五年影响因子：9.0 ）

ISSN： 2662-6810

年卷期： 2024 年 11 卷 5 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： High levels of free amino acids (AAs) in tea leaves are crucial for tea flavor and health function; however, the dynamic AA biosynthesis, transport, and turnover in tea plants remain elusive. Here we dissected whole tea plants for these dynamics by assessing AA profiles and transcriptomes of metabolic pathway genes in tea roots, stems, and leaves and revealing their distinctive features with regard to AA synthesis, transport, and degradation/recycling. Nitrogen assimilation dominated in the roots wherein glutamine (Gln), theanine, and arginine (Arg) were actively synthesized. Arg was transported into trunk roots and stems, together with Glu, Gln, and theanine as the major AAs in the xylem sap for long-distance root-to-leaf transport. Transcriptome analysis revealed that genes involved in Arg synthesis were highly expressed in roots, but those for Arg transport and degradation were highly expressed in stems and young leaves, respectively. CsGSIa transcripts were found in root meristem cells, root, stem and leaf vascular tissues, and leaf mesophyll where it appeared to participate in AA synthesis, transport, and recycling. Overexpression of CsGSIa in tea transgenic hairy roots and knockdown of CsGSIa in transgenic hairy roots and tea leaves produced higher and lower Gln and theanine than wild-type roots and leaves, respectively. This study provides comprehensive and new insights into AA metabolism and transport in the whole tea plant.

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