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Nitrogen rate and plant density effects on yield and late-season leaf senescence of cotton raised on a saline field

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Dong, Hezhong 1 ; Li, Weijiang 1 ; Eneji, A. Egrinya 1 ; Zhang, Dongmei 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Shandong Acad Agr Sci, Cotton Res Ctr, Shandong Key Lab Cotton Culture & Physiol, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China

2.Univ Calabar, Dept Soil Sci, Fac Agr, Calabar, Nigeria

关键词： Bt cotton;Plant density;Nitrogen fertilization rate;Lint yield;Leaf senescence;Cry1Ac expression

期刊名称：FIELD CROPS RESEARCH （ 影响因子：5.224； 五年影响因子：6.19 ）

ISSN： 0378-4290

年卷期： 2012 年 126 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Plant density and nitrogen fertilization are two important practices for field-grown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L). The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of plant density and N fertilization rate, especially their interactions, on yield, yield components, late-season leaf senescence and Cry1Ac expression in Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) cotton under salinity conditions. To achieve this goal, we conducted a three-year experiment with a high-yielding Bt cotton cultivar (SCRC 28) in a moderately saline (ECe = 11 dS/m) field, using a split-plot design in the Yellow River Delta of China. The main plots were assigned to low, medium and high plant densities (3.0, 5.25 and 7.5 plants/m(2)), while low, moderate and high nitrogen rates (120, 225 and 300 kg N/ha) were assigned to the subplots. Biological yield, lint yield, yield components, harvest index, boll load, Cry1Ac expression and leaf senescence were significantly affected by plant density and N rate. Lint yield was also affected by plant density x N rate interaction. Increased plant density or N rate enhanced biological yield, but reduced harvest index. Considerably high lint yield (1604 kg/ha) was achieved only with a high dose of N fertilizer under low plant density, but comparable yields (1693 and 1643 kg/ha) were achieved with moderate and low N rate under medium and high plant density. Increased plant density and N rate reduced boll load, which had highly significant negative correlation with late-season leaf photosynthesis (r= -0.928) and significant correlation with Cry1Ac protein concentration (r= 0.8131). Leaf senescence was delayed by increasing plant density and N rate mainly due to reduced boll load and a combination of reduced boll load and nutritional effect. Medium plant density with moderate N rate or high plant density with low N rate would enhance cotton yield and moderate Cry1Ac expression at reduced cost in the Yellow River Delta of China and other areas with similar ecologies. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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